Note that plug in Hybrids were not studied. Nore also that social and environmental costs, so called “externalities.” were not factored in. We do know that vehicles with more weight cause greater highway and pedestrian deaths. For every life saved by a heavy safe car 4 are lost due to bicyclist, pedestrian and other driver mortality. LS
It may be that, due to socialized costs, that a public subsidy is better public policy than letting “the market” decide. The total cost of ownership in this study does include local, state, and federal subsidies, LS
Tesla Semi trucks hauling corn chips | Peak Everything, Overshoot, & Collapse (energyskeptic.com)